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英语复合句的声调模式。
1. 并列句
用 and, neither/nor, either/or 这样的连词连接起来的两个或多个子句,这些子句的重要性都是一样的。这种并列句,通常除了最后一个子句用降调,前面的子句都用升调,提示听者:“我还没说完,我还要继续”。
例如:
1)I went to the (/)store, and bought some (\)milk.
2). She doesn't want to (/)go, nor does she have (\)time.
2. 转折句
用 but, however, yet 这类连接词连接起来的两个子句,前面的子句通常用升调或者降升调,表示尚未结束,后面的子句用降调。
例如:
3)I really want to (/)go, (\)but I was too sick.
4) He's very (\/)young, (\)yet he's incredibly talented.
3. 因果句
用 therefore, so 等连用词连接起来的因果句,前面表示“因”的子句通常用平调或低升调,后面表示“果”的子句用降调。
例如:
5)It started to (--)rain, so we went in(\)side.
6) He was late (/)again, therefore he was (\)fired.
4. 用 or 连接两个或多个选择的并列句
Pattern A, ///
例如:
7) Should we get /pizza, or /Chinese food? (前后都是疑问)
Pattern B //\
例如:
8)We can go to the (/)beach, or we can just stay (\)home. (并不是表示疑问,而是表示两种选择)
5. 并陈句
这种句式的特点是,两个子句都是用来陈述确定的事实,这种情况下,两个子句可以都用降调,子句和子句之间的停顿可以稍微长一些。
例如:
9)The sun is (\)shining, and the sky is (\)blue.
10) I told he the truth, but he didn't believe me.
总结:
子句之间的关系 | 连接词 | 声调模式 |
Listing | and, or | /\ |
Contrast | but, yet, however | /\ |
Cause-effect | so, therefore | --\ |
Choice (question) | or | // |
Choice (Statement) | or | /\ |
确定的事实 | and, but | \\ |
最后要强调一点:内容为王!以上声调模式不是法律,说话者的态度才是语调的真正决定因素。例如,however, but 这样的连词连接的两个子句,也可能采用 \\ 调,看说话者的态度。